UNIPROT #

Q9NZC2

PROTEIN NAME

Trem2

SYNONYMS

TREM 2 antibody; TREM-2 antibody; TREM2 antibody; TREM2_HUMAN antibody; TREM2a antibody; TREM2b antibody; TREM2c antibody; Trggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 antibody; Trggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2a antibody; Triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 2 antibody; Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 antibody

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cell membrane, Membrane, Secreted.

FUNCTION

Forms a receptor signaling complex with TYROBP which mediates signaling and cell activation following ligand binding . Acts as a receptor for amyloid-beta protein 42, a cleavage product of the amyloid-beta precursor protein APP, and mediates its uptake and degradation by microglia . Binding to amyloid-beta 42 mediates microglial activation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine ARG1. Acts as a receptor for lipoprotein particles, and HDL and for apolipoproteins. Binds phospholipids such as phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingomyelin . Regulates microglial proliferation by acting as an upstream regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade. Required for microglial phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons . Also required for microglial activation and phagocytosis of myelin debris after neuronal injury and of neuronal synapses during synapse elimination in the developing brain. Regulates microglial chemotaxis and process outgrowth, and also the microglial response to oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide. It suppresses PI3K and NF-kappa-B signaling in response to lipopolysaccharide; thus promoting phagocytosis, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production, inhibiting apoptosis and increasing expression of IL10 and TGFB. During oxidative stress, it promotes anti-apoptotic NF-kappa-B signaling and ERK signaling. Plays a role in microglial MTOR activation and metabolism.