Phospho-PAK1+PAK2+PAK3 (PAK1(S144)+PAK2(S141)+PAK3(S139)) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [SU03-70] (ET1608-58)

UNIPROT #

O75914

PROTEIN NAME

Phospho-PAK1+PAK2+PAK3 (PAK1(S144)+PAK2(S141)+PAK3(S139))

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Restricted to the nervous system. Highly expressed in postmitotic neurons of the developing and postnatal cerebral cortex and hippocampus.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Autophosphorylated when activated by CDC42/p21.; Neddylated.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cell membrane, ruffle membrane, nucleoplasm, Cytoplasm, focal adhesion, invadopodium, Chromosome.

FUNCTION

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAK1 gene. PAK1 is one of six members of the PAK family of serine/threonine kinases which are broadly divided into group I (PAK1, PAK2 and PAK3) and group II (PAK4, PAK6 and PAK5/7). The PAKs are evolutionarily conserved. PAK1 localizes in distinct sub-cellular domains in the cytoplasm and nucleus. PAK1 regulates cytoskeleton remodeling, phenotypic signaling and gene expression, and affects a wide variety of cellular processes such as directional motility, invasion, metastasis, growth, cell cycle progression, angiogenesis. PAK1-signaling dependent cellular functions regulate both physiologic and disease processes, including cancer, as PAK1 is widely overexpressed and hyperstimulated in human cancer, at-large. PAK2 and its cleaved fragment localize in both the cytoplasmic or nuclear compartments. PAK2 signaling modulates apoptosis, endothelial lumen formation, viral pathogenesis, and cancer including, breast, hepatocarcinoma, and gastric and cancer, at-large. PAK3 is preferentially expressed in neuronal cells and involved in synapse formation and plasticity and mental retardation.