UNIPROT #

Q13562

PROTEIN NAME

NeuroD1

SYNONYMS

atonal antibody; basic helix loop helix transcription factor antibody; BETA 2 antibody; Beta cell E box transactivator 2 antibody; BETA2 antibody; BHF 1 antibody; BHF1 antibody; bHLHa3 antibody; class A basic helix loop helix protein 3 antibody; Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 3 antibody; MODY 6 antibody; MODY6 antibody; NDF1_HUMAN antibody; NeuroD antibody; NeuroD1 antibody; Neurogenic differentiation 1 antibody; Neurogenic differentiation factor 1 antibody; neurogenic helix loop helix protein NEUROD antibody; Neuronal differentiation 1 antibody

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Phosphorylated. In islet cells, phosphorylated on Ser-274 upon glucose stimulation; which may be required for nuclear localization. In activated neurons, phosphorylated on Ser-335; which promotes dendritic growth. Phosphorylated by MAPK1; phosphorylation regulates heterodimerization and DNA-binding activities. Phosphorylation on Ser-266 and Ser-274 increases transactivation on the insulin promoter in glucose-stimulated insulinoma cells (By similarity).

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

FUNCTION

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are transcription factors that are required for several aspects of development, including cell type determination, terminal differentiation and sex determination. The HLH domain is required for dimerization, while the basic region makes specific contacts with DNA. Members of the myogenic determination family, MyoD, myf5, myogenin and MRF4, all have bHLH domains. These proteins heterodimerize with members of the E protein family and initiate myogenesis. Neuro D has been identified as a bHLH transcription factor functioning in neurogenic differentiation. Neuro D is expressed transiently in a subset of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems at the time of their terminal differentiation into mature neurons. Moreover, ectopic expression of Neuro D in Xenopus embryos induces premature differentiation of neuronal precursors and Neuro D can convert presumptive epidermal cells into neurons.