Phospholipid scramblase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLSCR3 gene[5][6] (abbreviated to PLS3 in this section). Like the other phospholipid scramblase family members (PLS1, PLS2, PLS4), PLS3 is a type II plasma membrane protein that is rich in proline and integral in apoptosis, or programmed cell death. The regulation of apoptosis is critical for both cell development and tissue homeostasis. Although phospholipid scramblase is thought to exist in all eukaryotic cells, PLS3 is a protein that is novel to the mitochondria. This is very important because mitochondria are central in the apoptotic cell pathway. This newly found member of the scramblase family is "responsible for phospholipid translocation between two lipid compartments", the inner mitochondrial membrane and the outer membrane. Further experimental evidence suggests that the mechanism and effectors of PLS3's enzymatic activity are rather nuanced.
Background References
1. Palanirajan SK et al. Phospholipid scramblase 3: a latent mediator connecting mitochondria and heavy metal apoptosis. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2023 Sep
2. Luévano-Martínez LA et al. Topological characterization of the mitochondrial phospholipid scramblase 3. FEBS Lett. 2017 Dec
Western blot analysis of PLSCR3 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-PLSCR3 antibody (HA722577) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HeLa cell lysate Lane 2: A549 cell lysate Lane 3: HepG2 cell lysate Lane 4: Mouse brain tissue lysate Lane 5: Mouse kidney tissue lysate Lane 6: Rat brain tissue lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 32 kDa Observed band size: 32 kDa
Exposure time: 20 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA722577) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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