Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3) is an inhibitory Gi/G0-coupled G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) generally localized to presynaptic sites of neurons in classical circuits. However, in higher cortical circuits in primates, mGluR3 are localized post-synaptically, where they strengthen rather than weaken synaptic connectivity. In humans, mGluR3 is encoded by the GRM3 gene. Deficits in mGluR3 signaling have been linked to impaired cognition in humans, and to increased risk of schizophrenia, consistent with their expanding role in cortical evolution.
Background References
1. Arnsten AFT et al. The Evolutionary Expansion of mGluR3-NAAG-GCPII Signaling: Relevance to Human Intelligence and Cognitive Disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2020 Dec
2. Lainiola M et al. Behavioral responses of mGluR3-KO mice to the lipopolysaccharide-induced innate inflammatory reaction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2020 Mar
Western blot analysis of mGluR3 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-mGluR3 antibody (HA722434) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: Mouse brain tissue lysate Lane 2: Rat brain tissue lysate Lane 3: Mouse brain tissue lysate (no heat) Lane 4: Rat brain tissue lysate (no heat)
Notice: no heat means the lysate is not boiled.
Lysates/proteins at 40 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 99 kDa Observed band size: 99-250 kDa
Exposure time: Lane 1-2: 20 seconds; Lane 3-4: 12 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA722434) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human brain tissue with Rabbit anti-mGluR3 antibody (HA722434) at 1/1,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA722434) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue with Rabbit anti-mGluR3 antibody (HA722434) at 1/1,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA722434) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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