Axin1 (Axis inhibition protein 1) and Axin2 are multidomain scaffold proteins that negatively regulate Wnt signaling. Axin1 interacts with APC, GSK-3β, Dvl, and β-catenin and promotes the GSK-3β-mediated phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of β-catenin . Upon stimulation of cells with Wnt, Axin1 is recruited to the membrane by phosphorylated LRP5/6, a process that is believed to be crucial for activation of Wnt signaling . In addition to its role in the Wnt signaling pathway, Axin1 forms a complex with MEKK1 and activates c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK/SAPK) . Axin2 (also known as Conductin or Axil) can functionally substitute for Axin1 in mice . Axin2 itself is a direct target of the Wnt signaling pathway and therefore serves to control the duration and/or intensity of Wnt signaling through a negative feedback loop .
Background References
1. Luo W, Lin SC. Axin: a master scaffold for multiple signaling pathways. Neurosignals. 2004 May-Jun;13(3):99-113.
2. Salahshor S, Woodgett JR. The links between axin and carcinogenesis. J Clin Pathol. 2005 Mar;58(3):225-36.
3. Mallick A, Gupta BP. AXIN-AMPK signaling: Implications for healthy aging. F1000Res. 2021 Dec 8;10:1259.
Western blot analysis of Axin1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Axin1 antibody (HA721919) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: SW480 cell lysate (10 µg/Lane) Lane 2: HeLa cell lysate (10 µg/Lane) Lane 3: 293T cell lysate (10 µg/Lane) Lane 4: K-562 cell lysate (10 µg/Lane) Lane 5: Huh7 cell lysate (10 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 96 kDa Observed band size: 110 kDa
Exposure time: 3 minutes;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721919) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
☑ Knockdown (KD)
Western blot analysis of Axin1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Axin1 antibody (HA721919) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HAP1-parental cell lysate Lane 2: HAP1-Axin1 KD cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 96 kDa Observed band size: 110 kDa
Exposure time: 140 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721919) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in K1803 at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue with Rabbit anti-Axin1 antibody (HA721919) at 1/2,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA721919) at 1/2,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.