Ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 + 3 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JE33-28]

Function

Glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2 (Glutamate receptor 2, or GluR-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA2 (or GLUR2) gene and it is a subunit found in the AMPA receptors. Glutamate receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA3 gene. Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. GRIA2 product belongs to a family of glutamate receptors that are sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA), called AMPA receptors, and function as ligand-activated cation channels. These channels are assembled from a combination of 4 subunits, encoded by 4 genes (GRIA1-4). The subunit encoded by this gene (GRIA2) is subject to RNA editing which renders the receptor that it becomes part of impermeable to calcium ions (Ca2+). Human and animal studies suggest that the RNA editing is essential for normal brain function, and defective RNA editing of GRIA2 may be relevant to the etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Alternative splicing, resulting in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, has been noted for GRIA2, which includes the generation of flip and flop isoforms that vary in their signal transduction properties. Genome studies have uncovered a tentative link between defective GRIA3 variants and a highly elevated risk of schizophrenia.

Background References

1. Cai Q et al. Novel GRIA2 variant in a patient with atypical autism spectrum disorder and psychiatric symptoms: a case report. BMC Pediatr. 2022 Nov

2. Martinez-Esteve Melnikova A et al. The p.Glu787Lys variant in the GRIA3 gene causes developmental and epileptic encephalopathy mimicking structural epilepsy in a female patient. Eur J Med Genet. 2022 Mar

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Postsynaptic cell membrane, Postsynaptic density membrane.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P42262 Human

SwissProt: P42263 Human

SwissProt: P23819 Mouse

SwissProt: Q9Z2W9 Mouse

SwissProt: P19491 Rat

SwissProt: P19492 Rat

Synonyms