The protein encoded by this gene is a cellular protein that binds RNAs containing the G-rich element. The protein is localized in the cytoplasm, and has been shown to stimulate translation of viral mRNAs in vitro. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Regulator of post-transcriptional mitochondrial gene expression, required for assembly of the mitochondrial ribosome and for recruitment of mRNA and lncRNA. Binds RNAs containing the 14 base G-rich element. Preferentially binds RNAs transcribed from three contiguous genes on the light strand of mtDNA, the ND6 mRNA, and the long non-coding RNAs for MT-CYB and MT-ND5, each of which contains multiple consensus binding sequences. Involved in the degradosome-mediated decay of non-coding mitochondrial transcripts (MT-ncRNA) and tRNA-like molecules. Acts by unwinding G-quadruplex RNA structures in MT-ncRNA, thus facilitating their degradation by the degradosome. G-quadruplexes (G4) are non-canonical 4 stranded structures formed by transcripts from the light strand of mtDNA.
Background References
1. Yang Z. et. al. GRSF1-mediated MIR-G-1 promotes malignant behavior and nuclear autophagy by directly upregulating TMED5 and LMNB1 in cervical cancer cells. Autophagy. 2019 Apr
2. Sun Q. et. al. A novel miRNA identified in GRSF1 complex drives the metastasis via the PIK3R3/AKT/NF-kappaB and TIMP3/MMP9 pathways in cervical cancer cells. Cell Death Dis. 2019 Sep
Western blot analysis of GRSF1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-GRSF1 antibody (HA721014) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: Hela cell lysate (10 µg/Lane) Lane 2: Raw264.7 cell lysate (10 µg/Lane) Lane 3: Mouse brain tissue lysate (15 µg/Lane) Lane 4: Mouse kidney tissue lysate (15 µg/Lane) Lane 5: Rat heart tissue lysate (15 µg/Lane)
Exposure time: 25 seconds; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: HA721014, 1/1,000 in primary antibody dilution buffer (K1803), overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Rabbit IgG-HRP (HA1001), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 53 kDa Observed band size: 53 kDa
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human pancreas tissue with Rabbit anti-GRSF1 antibody (HA721014) at 1/400 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA721014) at 1/400 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Flow cytometric analysis of Daudi cells labeling GRSF1.
Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then stained with the primary antibody (HA721014, 1ug/ml) (red) compared with Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody (HA1121) at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
Immunocytochemistry analysis of Hela cells labeling GRSF1 with Rabbit anti-GRSF1 antibody (HA721014) at 1/50 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes at 37 ℃, permeabilized with 0.05% Triton X-100 in PBS for 20 minutes, and then blocked with 2% negative goat serum for 30 minutes at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-GRSF1 antibody (HA721014) at 1/50 dilution in 2% negative goat serum overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (M1305-2, red) was stained at 1/200 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 647, HA1127) were used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
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