Dioxygenase that acts as on nucleic acids, such as DNA and tRNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron. Mainly acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N1-methyladenine from various tRNAs, with a preference for N1-methyladenine at position 58 present on a stem loop structure of tRNAs. Acts as a regulator of translation initiation and elongation in response to glucose deprivation: regulates both translation initiation, by mediating demethylation of tRNA(Met), and translation elongation, N1-methyladenine-containing tRNAs being preferentially recruited to polysomes to promote translation elongation. In mitochondrion, specifically interacts with mt-tRNA(Met) and mediates oxidation of mt-tRNA(Met) methylated at cytosine to form 5-formylcytosine (f5c) at this position. mt-tRNA(Met) containing the f5c modification at the wobble position enables recognition of the AUA codon in addition to the AUG codon, expanding codon recognition in mitochondrial translation. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) DNA is present at some L1 elements in embryonic stem cells and probably promotes their silencing . Demethylates mRNAs containing N3-methylcytidine modification. Also able to repair alkylated single-stranded DNA by oxidative demethylation, but with low activity. Also has DNA lyase activity and introduces double-stranded breaks at abasic sites: cleaves both single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA at abasic sites, with the greatest activity towards double-stranded DNA with two abasic sites. DNA lyase activity is not required during base excision repair and class switch recombination of the immunoglobulin heavy chain during B lymphocyte activation. May play a role in placental trophoblast lineage differentiation.
Background References
1. Kawarada L. et. al. ALKBH1 is an RNA dioxygenase responsible for cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNA modifications. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jul 7;45(12):7401-7415.
2. Liu F. et. al. ALKBH1-Mediated tRNA Demethylation Regulates Translation. Cell. 2016 Oct 20;167(3):816-828.e16.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human tonsil tissue using anti-ALKBH1 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA720024, 1/200) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human colon tissue using anti-ALKBH1 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA720024, 1/200) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Western blot analysis of ALKBH1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-ALKBH1 antibody (HA720024) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: K-562 cell lysate Lane 2: HEK-293 cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane. Exposure time: 110 seconds; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: HA720024, 1/2,000 in primary antibody dilution buffer (K1803), overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Rabbit IgG-HRP (HA1001), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 44 kDa Observed band size:44 kDa
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