This gene encodes the class A macrophage scavenger receptors, which include three different types (1, 2, 3) generated by alternative splicing of this gene. These receptors or isoforms are macrophage-specific trimeric integral membrane glycoproteins and have been implicated in many macrophage-associated physiological and pathological processes including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and host defense. The isoforms type 1 and type 2 are functional receptors and are able to mediate the endocytosis of modified low density lipoproteins (LDLs). The isoform type 3 does not internalize modified LDL (acetyl-LDL) despite having the domain shown to mediate this function in the types 1 and 2 isoforms. It has an altered intracellular processing and is trapped within the endoplasmic reticulum, making it unable to perform endocytosis. The isoform type 3 can inhibit the function of isoforms type 1 and type 2 when co-expressed, indicating a dominant negative effect and suggesting a mechanism for regulation of scavenger receptor activity in macrophages.
Background References
1. Tada Y et al. Infiltration of CD204-overexpressing Macrophages Contributes to the Progression of Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer. Anticancer Res. 2021 Oct
2. Nagano M et al. CD204-positive macrophages accumulate in breast cancer tumors with high levels of infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death ligand-1 expression. Oncol Lett. 2021 Jan
Western blot analysis of CD204 on different lysates with Mouse anti-CD204 antibody (HA601090) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: THP-1 (Human acute monoblastic leukemia cell) cell lysate Lane 2: THP-1 treated with 80nM TPA for 72 hours cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane. Exposure time: 28 seconds; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: HA601090, 1/1,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Mouse IgG-HRP (HA1006), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 50 kDa Observed band size: 75 kDa
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver tissue with Mouse anti-CD204 antibody (HA601090) at 1/500 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA601090) at 1/500 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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