Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4) is a transcription factor encoded by a member of the Spalt-like (SALL) gene family, SALL4. The SALL genes were identified based on their sequence homology to Spalt, which is a homeotic gene originally cloned in Drosophila melanogaster that is important for terminal trunk structure formation in embryogenesis and imaginal disc development in the larval stages. There are four human SALL proteins (SALL1, 2, 3, and 4) with structural homology and playing diverse roles in embryonic development, kidney function, and cancer. The SALL4 gene encodes at least three isoforms, termed A, B, and C, through alternative splicing, with the A and B forms being the most studied. SALL4 can alter gene expression changes through its interaction with many co-factors and epigenetic complexes. It is also known as a key embryonic stem cell (ESC) factor. The various SALL4-null mouse models mimic human mutations in the SALL4 gene, which were shown to cause developmental problems in patients with Okihiro/Duane-Radial-ray syndrome. These individuals frequently have family history of hand malformation and eye movement disorders.
Background References
1. Zhang X. et. al. SALL4 activates TGF-beta/SMAD signaling pathway to induce EMT and promote gastric cancer metastasis. Cancer Manag Res. 2018 Oct
2. Chen M. et. al. SALL4 promotes the tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells through activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway via CTNNB1. Cancer Sci. 2019 Sep
Western blot analysis of Sall4 on NCCIT cell lysates with Mouse anti-Sall4 antibody (HA601041) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 112 kDa Observed band size: 140/110/75 kDa
Exposure time: 1 minute;
8% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA601041) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1006) at 1:100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human seminoma tissue with Mouse anti-Sall4 antibody (HA601041) at 1/600 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA601041) at 1/600 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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