Early growth response protein 4 (EGR-4), also known as AT133, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EGR4 gene. EGR-4 is a member of the early growth response (EGF) family of zinc finger transcription factors. Transcription factors EGR1, 2, and 3 also share an R1 domain, missing in EGR4, which can be bound by NAB proteins to prevent expression of EGR target genes. The EGR zinc finger motifs are designed to specifically recognize a 9 base pair consensus sequence (5′ GCG TGG GCG 3′), with each finger spanning three nucleotides. A loss of Egr4 results in a block in spermatogenesis at the early-mid pachytene spermatocyte stage leading to a significant reduction in the number of spermatozoa produced. Additionally, Erg4-null spermatozoa show abnormal morphology such as separated heads and fragmented flagellum. The block also occurred during the first wave of spermatogenesis as apoptotic germ cells were present from 14 dpp onward. The importance of EGR4 for fertility in mammals has also been demonstrated in human males with cryptorchidism.
Background References
1. Niu RN. et. al. Overexpression of Egr2 and Egr4 protects rat brains against ischemic stroke by downregulating JNK signaling pathway. Biochimie. 2018 Jun.
2. Sung SR. et. al. Sequence variations of the EGR4 gene in Korean men with spermatogenesis impairment. BMC Med Genet. 2017 May.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon tissue with Rabbit anti-EGR4 antibody (HA500445) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA500445) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue with Rabbit anti-EGR4 antibody (HA500445) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA500445) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat brain tissue with Rabbit anti-EGR4 antibody (HA500445) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA500445) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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