Involucrin is a precursor protein of the keratinocyte cornified envelope, which is formed beneath the inner surface of the cell membrane during terminal differentiation. During keratinocyte terminal differentiation, glutamine residues of involucrin become covalently cross-linked to other envelope precursors via covalent epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl) lysine bonds. Moreover, its large size allows involucrin to cross-link molecules that are separated by substantial distances in the cornified envelope. These properties allow a single involucrin molecule to form multiple cross-links, in multiple spatial planes, with other envelope precursors.
Background References
1. Chen JQ et al. Regulation of involucrin and signalling pathway in scleroderma epidermal keratinocytes. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2024 Dec
2. Yang S et al. Dihydromyrcenol Modulates Involucrin Expression through the Akt Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Feb
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the involucrin family.
Tissue Specificity
Keratinocytes of epidermis and other stratified squamous epithelia.
Post-translational Modification
Substrate of transglutaminase. Some glutamines and lysines are cross-linked to other involucrin molecules, to other proteins such as keratin, desmoplakin, periplakin and envoplakin, and to lipids like omega-hydroxyceramide.
Western blot analysis of Involucrin on A431 (Human epidermoid carcinoma skin squamous cell) cell lysate with Rabbit anti-Involucrin antibody (ET1706-32) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane. Exposure time: 3 minutes; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: ET1706-32, 1/2,000 in primary antibody dilution buffer (K1803), overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Rabbit IgG-HRP (HA1001), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 68 kDa Observed band size: 120 kDa
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma tissue with Rabbit anti-Involucrin antibody (ET1706-32) at 1/50 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ET1706-32) at 1/50 dilution for 0.5 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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