CD13, or aminopeptidase N, is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed on most cells of Myeloid origin, including monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils and Myeloid leukemias. CD13 is also found on certain epithelial cells, fibroblasts and osteoclasts. CD13 acts as a zinc-binding metalloprotease that plays a role in digestion and may function in the inactivation of some regulatory peptides such as enkephalins. CD13 may play a role in the invasion of cancer cells by enhancing their invasive capacity and metastatic behavior. The activity of CD13 can be inactivated using specific inhibitors that evoke apoptosis of CD13-positive cancer cells. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression upregulates CD13 expression in human melanoma cells by activating both the Myeloid and the epithelial CD13 promoter.
Background References
1. Cui SX et al. 13F-1, a novel 5-fluorouracil prodrug containing an Asn-Gly-Arg (NO2) COOCH3 tripeptide, inhibits human colonic carcinoma growth by targeting Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13). Eur J Pharmacol 734:50-9 (2014).
2. H rdtner C et al. High glucose activates the alternative ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas and APN/Ang IV/IRAP RAS axes in pancreatic -cells. Int J Mol Med 32:795-804 (2013).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the peptidase M1 family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in epithelial cells of the kidney, intestine, and respiratory tract; granulocytes, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, cerebral pericytes at the blood-brain barrier, synaptic membranes of cells in the CNS. Also expressed in endometrial stromal cells, but not in the endometrial glandular cells. Found in the vasculature of tissues that undergo angiogenesis and in malignant gliomas and lymph node metastases from multiple tumor types but not in blood vessels of normal tissues. A soluble form has been found in plasma. It is found to be elevated in plasma and effusions of cancer patients.
Post-translational Modification
Sulfated.; N- and O-glycosylated.; May undergo proteolysis and give rise to a soluble form.
Western blot analysis of CD13 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-CD13 antibody (ET1611-61) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HAP1-parental cell lysate Lane 2: HAP1-CD13 KD cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 110 kDa Observed band size: 150 kDa
Exposure time: 110 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1611-61) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in K1803 at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
☑ Relative expression (RE)
Western blot analysis of CD13 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-CD13 antibody (ET1611-61) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: 293T cell lysate (negative) (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: PANC-1 cell lysate (5 µg/Lane) Lane 3: Mouse kidney tissue lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 4: Rat kidney tissue lysate (20 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 110 kDa Observed band size: 150 kDa
Exposure time: 45 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1611-61) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver tissue with Rabbit anti-CD13 antibody (ET1611-61) at 1/2,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ET1611-61) at 1/2,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
CD13 was immunoprecipitated from 0.2 mg PANC-1 cell lysate with ET1611-61 at 2 µg/10 µl beads. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using ET1611-61 at 1/2,000 dilution. HRP Conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG for IP Nano-secondary antibody at 1/5,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Lane 1: PANC-1 cell lysate (input) Lane 2: ET1611-61 IP in PANC-1 cell lysate Lane 3: Rabbit IgG instead of ET1611-61 in PANC-1 cell lysate