GAD-65 and GAD-67, glutamate decarboxylases, function to catalyze the production of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). In the central nervous system GABA functions as the main inhibitory transmitter by increasing a Cl- conductance that inhibits neuronal firing. GABA has been shown to activate both ionotropic (GABAA) and metabotropic (GABAB) receptors as well as a third class of receptors called GABAC. Both GABAA and GABAC are ligand-gated ion channels, however, they are structurally and functionally distinct. Members of the GABAA receptor family include GABAA Rα1-6, GABAA R β1-3, GABAA Rγ1-3, GABAA Rδ, GABAA Rε, GABAA Rρ1 and GABAA Rρ2. The GABAB family is composed of GABAB R1α and GABAB R1β. GABA transporters have also been identified and include GABA T-1, GABA T-2 and GABA T-3 (also designated GAT-1, -2, and -3). The GABA transporters function to terminate GABA action.
Background References
1. Xu W. et. al. Sperm gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor delta subunit (GABRD) and its interaction with purinergic P2X2 receptors in progesterone-induced acrosome reaction and male fertility. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2017 Sep;29(10):2060-2072.
2. Zhang H. et. al. Systemic screening identifies GABRD, a subunit gene of GABAA receptor as a prognostic marker in adult IDH wild-type diffuse low-grade glioma. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Oct;118:109215.
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRD sub-subfamily.
Western blot analysis of GABRD on HT-29 cell lysates. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% BSA in PBS for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ER1901-54, 1/2,000) was used in 5% BSA at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1:5,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Flow cytometric analysis of GABRD was done on MCF-7 cells. The cells were fixed, permeabilized and stained with the primary antibody (ER1901-54, 1/50) (red). After incubation of the primary antibody at room temperature for an hour, the cells were stained with a Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes.Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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