Prostate specific antigen (PSA), also designated γ-seminoprotein, seminin, p30 antigen, semenogelase, and kallikrein 3 (KLK3), was first identified as a glycoprotein in human seminal plasma. PSA was determined by sequence similarity to be a member of the kallikrein subfamily of trypsin proteases. PSA is a serine protease that hydrolyzes the major human seminal protein, the seminal plasma mobility inhibitor precursor, or semenogelin I (SPMIP or SgI), which leads to semen liquification. PSA production and expression are highest in normal, benign hyperplastic and cancerous tissues of the prostate, PSA has also been detected in accessory male sex glands and in breast cancer. PSA has been identified as an aid in the early detection of prostate cancer and is a commonly used tumor marker.
Background References
1. Garg S et al. Point-of-Care Prostate Specific Antigen Testing: Examining Translational Progress toward Clinical Implementation. ACS Sens. 2023 Oct
2. Dowlatshahi S et al. Electrochemical prostate-specific antigen biosensors based on electroconductive nanomaterials and polymers. Clin Chim Acta. 2021 May
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate tissue with Rabbit anti-Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) antibody (ER1706-31) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ER1706-31) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer tissue with Rabbit anti-Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) antibody (ER1706-31) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ER1706-31) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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