TTF-1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (ER1902-68)

UNIPROT #

P43699

PROTEIN NAME

TTF-1

SYNONYMS

AV026640 antibody;BCH antibody;Benign chorea antibody;BHC antibody;Homeobox protein NK 2 homolog A antibody;Homeobox protein NK-2 homolog A antibody;Homeobox protein Nkx 2.1 antibody;Homeobox protein Nkx-2.1 antibody;Homeobox protein Nkx2.1 antibody;NK 2 antibody;NK 2 homolog A antibody;NK2 antibody;NK2 homeobox 1 antibody;NK2, drosophila, homolog of, A antibody;NK2.1, mouse, homolog of antibody;Nkx 2 1 antibody;NKX 2.1 antibody;NKX 2A antibody;NKX2 1 antibody;Nkx2-1 antibody;NKX2.1 antibody;NKX21_HUMAN antibody;NKX2A antibody;T EBP antibody;T/EBP antibody;TEBP antibody;Thyroid nuclear factor 1 antibody;Thyroid nuclear factor antibody;Thyroid specific enhancer binding protein antibody;Thyroid transcription factor 1 antibody;Tin man antibody;Tinman antibody;TITF 1 antibody;TITF1 antibody;TTF 1 antibody;TTF-1 antibody;TTF1 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Thyroid and lung.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Phosphorylated on serine residues by STK3/MST2.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Nucleus

FUNCTION

Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is a protein that regulates transcription of genes specific for the thyroid, lung, and diencephalon. It is also known as thyroid specific enhancer binding protein. It is used in anatomic pathology as a marker to determine if a tumor arises from the lung or thyroid. NKX2.1 can be induced by activin A via SMAD2 signaling in a human embryonic stem cell differentiation model. TTF-1 positive cells are found in the lung as type II pneumocytes and club cells. In the thyroid, follicular and parafollicular cells are also positive for TTF-1. For lung cancers, adenocarcinomas are usually positive, while squamous cell carcinomas and large cell carcinomas are rarely positive. Small cell carcinomas (of any primary site) are usually positive. TTF1 is more than merely a clinical marker of lung adenocarcinoma. It plays an active role in sustaining lung cancer cells in view of the experimental observation that it is mutated in lung cancer. It has been observed that a loss of Nkx2-1 allows for deregulation of transcription factors FOXA1/2 (by relaxing histone deacetylation and methylation-mediated repression of Foxa1/2 by Nkx2-1) causing reactivation of an embryonic gastric differentiation program in pulmonary cells. This results in mucinous lung adenocarcinoma, a source of poor clinical outcomes for patients. However others have found that TTF-1 staining is often positive in pulmonary adenocarcinomas, large cell carcinomas, small-cell lung carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors other than small-cell lung carcinomas and extrapulmonary small-cell carcinomas. It is also positive in thyroid cancers and is used for monitoring for metastasis and recurrence.