TLR5 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JM10-88]

Function

Toll-like receptor 5, also known as TLR5, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TLR5 gene. It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family. The TLR family plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. TLR5 is expressed on both immune and non-immune cells. TLR5 recognizes bacterial flagellin, a principal component of bacterial flagella and a virulence factor. The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-κB and stimulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. TLR5 recognizes flagellin, which is the protein monomer that makes up the filament of bacterial flagella, found on nearly all motile bacteria. There are highly conserved regions in the flagellin protein among all bacteria, facilitating the recognition of flagellin by a germ-line encoded receptor such as TLR5. However, some Proteobacteria flagella have acquired mutations preventing their recognition by TLR5.

Background References

1. Yamada K et al. Upregulation of Toll-like receptor 5 expression in the conjunctival epithelium of various human ocular surface diseases. Br J Ophthalmol N/A:N/A (2014)

2. Dill-McFarland KA et al. Hibernation alters the diversity and composition of mucosa-associated bacteria while enhancing antimicrobial defence in the gut of 13-lined ground squirrels. Mol Ecol 23:4658-69 (2014).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.

Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed on the basolateral surface of intestinal epithelia. Expressed also in other cells such as lung epithelial cells.

Post-translational Modification

Phosphorylated at Ser-805 by PKD/PRKD1; phosphorylation induces the production of inflammatory cytokines.; Phosphorylated at Tyr-798 upon flagellin binding; required for signaling.

Subcellular Location

Membrane.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: O60602 Human

SwissProt: Q9JLF7 Mouse

Unigene: 198962 Rat

Synonyms