DAP12 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JG38-70]

Function

Natural killer (NK) cells are regulated by stimulatory and inhibitory signals from a variety of receptors. Three main receptor families are responsible for NK cells recognition of MHC I molecules, including Ly-49, CD94/NKG2 and KIR (killer-cell inhibitory receptor). DAP12 is a phosphoprotein that is involved in the activation of NK cells. This protein interacts with membrane glycoproteins of the KIR family, resulting in cellular activation. DAP12 also binds to CD94/NKG2C, an activating NK cell receptor belonging to the C-type lectin superfamily. Additional proteins that bind to DAP12 include Ly-49D and Ly-49H, which associate with DAP12 in the plasma membrane. Phosphorylated DAP12 binds to ZAP-70 and Syk, suggesting that the activation pathway may be similar to that of the T and B cell antigen receptors.

Background References

1. Paloneva J et al. Loss-of-function mutations in TYROBP (DAP12) result in a presenile dementia with bone cysts. Nat Genet 25:357-361 (2000).

2. Kondo T et al. Heterogeneity of presenile dementia with bone cysts (Nasu-Hakola disease): three genetic forms. Neurology 59:1105-1107 (2002).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the TYROBP family.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed at low levels in the early development of the hematopoietic system and in the promonocytic stage and at high levels in mature monocytes. Expressed in hematological cells and tissues such as peripheral blood leukocytes and spleen. Also found in bone marrow, lymph nodes, placenta, lung and liver. Expressed at lower levels in different parts of the brain especially in the basal ganglia and corpus callosum.

Post-translational Modification

Following ligand binding by associated receptors, tyrosine phosphorylated in the ITAM domain which leads to activation of additional tyrosine kinases and subsequent cell activation.

Subcellular Location

Membrane.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: O43914 Human

Synonyms