The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) Type II system is currently the most commonly used RNA-Guided Endonuclease technology for genome engineering. There are two distinct components to this system: (1) a guide RNA and (2) an endonuclease, in this case the CRISPR associated (Cas) nuclease, Cas9. The gRNA/Cas9 complex is recruited to the target sequence by the base-pairing between the gRNA sequence and the complement to the target sequence in the genomic DNA. For successful binding of Cas9, the genomic target sequence must also contain the correct Protospacer Adjacent Motiff (PAM) sequence immediately following the target sequence.
Background References
1. Genome-Scale CRISPR-Cas9 Knockout Screening in Human Cells. Shalem O, Sanjana NE, Hartenian E, Shi X, Scott DA, Mikkelson T, Heckl D, Ebert BL, Root DE, Doench JG, Zhang F. Science. 2013 Dec 12.
2. Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems. Cong L, Ran FA, Cox D, Lin S, Barretto R, Habib N, Hsu PD, Wu X, Jiang W, Marraffini LA, Zhang F. Nat Protoc. 2013 Nov;8(11):2281-308. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2013.143. Epub 2013 Oct 24.
Western blot analysis on CRISPR-Cas9 non transtected 293 cells (-) and transfected 293 cells (+).
☑ Cell treatment (CT)
Immunofluorescence analysis of CRISPR-Cas9 transfected 293 cells. The cell expressing CRISPR-Cas9 can be detected using rabbit anti- CRISPR-Cas9 (1/500) followed by FITC (1/1,000) goat anti-rabbit IgG.
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