HP1 alpha Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [B0-1]

Function

Chromobox protein homolog 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CBX5 gene. It is a highly conserved, non-histone protein part of the heterochromatin family. The protein itself is more commonly called (in humans) HP1α. Heterochromatin protein-1 (HP1) has an N-terminal domain that acts on methylated lysines residues leading to epigenetic repression. The C-terminal of this protein has a chromo shadow-domain (CSD) that is responsible for homodimerizing, as well as interacting with a variety of chromatin-associated, non-histone proteins. HP1α is a highly evolutionary conserved protein, existing in species such a Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a type of yeast, all the way to humans. The N-terminal chromodomain and C-terminal chromoshadow domain appear to be much more conserved (approximately 50-70% amino acid similarity) than the hinge region (approximately 25-30% similarity with the Drosophila HP1 homolog).

Background References

1. "Initial characterization of the human central proteome."Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011)

2. "Lamin A rod domain mutants target heterochromatin protein 1alpha and beta for proteasomal degradation by activation of F-box protein, FBXW10."Chaturvedi P., Parnaik V.K.PLoS ONE 5:E10620-E10620(2010)

Post-translational Modification

Phosphorylation of HP1 and LBR may be responsible for some of the alterations in chromatin organization and nuclear structure which occur at various times during the cell cycle (By similarity). Phosphorylated during interphase and possibly hyper-phosphorylated during mitosis.; Ubiquitinated.

Subcellular Location

Nucleus

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P45973 Human

SwissProt: Q61686 Mouse

Entrez Gene: 300266 Rat

Synonyms