This gene encodes a key acute phase plasma protein. Because of its increase due to acute inflammation, this protein is classified as an acute-phase reactant. The specific function of this protein has not yet been determined; however, it may be involved in aspects of immunosuppression. Functions as transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain. Also binds synthetic drugs and influences their distribution and availability in the body. Appears to function in modulating the activity of the immune system during the acute-phase reaction.
Background References
1. Fitos I et al. Selective binding of imatinib to the genetic variants of human alpha1-acid glycoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta 1760:1704-1712(2006).
2. Zsila F et al. The drug binding site of human alpha1-acid glycoprotein: insight from induced circular dichroism and electronic absorption spectra. Biochim Biophys Acta 1770:797-809(2007).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma.
Post-translational Modification
N-glycosylated. N-glycan heterogeneity at Asn-33: Hex5HexNAc4 (minor), Hex6HexNAc5 (major) and dHex1Hex6HexNAc5 (minor).
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat liver tissue using anti- Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver tissue with Mouse anti-Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody (EM1510-41) at 1/1,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (EM1510-41) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse liver tissue with Mouse anti-Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody (EM1510-41) at 1/1,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (EM1510-41) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human esophagus tissue using anti- Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
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