AKR7A2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Function

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of succinic semialdehyde to gamma-hydroxybutyrate. May have an important role in producing the neuromodulator gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). Has broad substrate specificity. Has NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase activity towards 2-carboxybenzaldehyde, 2-nitrobenzaldehyde and pyridine-2-aldehyde (in vitro). Can reduce 1,2-naphthoquinone and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (in vitro). Can reduce the dialdehyde protein-binding form of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to the non-binding AFB1 dialcohol. May be involved in protection of liver against the toxic and carcinogenic effects of AFB1, a potent hepatocarcinogen. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the aldo/keto reductase (AKR) superfamily and AKR7 family, which are involved in the detoxification of aldehydes and ketones. The AKR7 family consists of 3 genes that are present in a cluster on the p arm of chromosome 1. This protein, thought to be localized in the golgi, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of succinic semialdehyde to the endogenous neuromodulator, gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It may also function as a detoxication enzyme in the reduction of aflatoxin B1 and 2-carboxybenzaldehyde. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Background References

1. "Novel homodimeric and heterodimeric rat gamma-hydroxybutyrate synthases that associate with the Golgi apparatus define a distinct subclass of aldo-keto reductase 7 family proteins." Kelly V.P., Sherratt P.J., Crouch D.H., Hayes J.D. Biochem. J. 366:847-861(2002)

2. "Synthesis and catabolism of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells: role of the aldo-keto reductase AKR7A2." Lyon R.C., Johnston S.M., Watson D.G., McGarvie G., Ellis E.M. J. Biol. Chem. 282:25986-25992(2007)

3. "Genetic variation of aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase genes (AFAR) in human tumour cells." Praml C., Schulz W., Claas A., Mollenhauer J., Poustka A., Ackermann R., Schwab M., Henrich K.-O.Cancer Lett. 272:160-166(2008)

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. Aldo/keto reductase 2 subfamily.

Tissue Specificity

Detected in brain, liver, small intestine and testis, and at lower levels in heart, prostate, skeletal muscle and spleen. Detected in kidney proximal and distal tubules, endothelial cells lining the Bowman's capsules and some cysts. Detected at low levels in lung and pancreas (at protein level). Widely expressed.

Subcellular Location

Mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, Cytoplasm.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: O43488 Human

SwissProt: Q8CG76 Mouse

SwissProt: Q8CG45 Rat

Synonyms