UNIPROT #

Q86WV6

PROTEIN NAME

TMEM173

SYNONYMS

endoplasmic reticulum IFN stimulator antibody; Endoplasmic reticulum interferon stimulator antibody; ERIS antibody; FLJ38577 antibody; hMITA antibody; hSTING antibody; Mediator of IRF3 activation antibody; MITA antibody; Mitochondrial mediator of IRF3 activation antibody; MPYS antibody; N terminal methionine proline tyrosine serine plasma membrane tetraspanner antibody; NET23 antibody; Stimulator of interferon genes antibody; Stimulator of interferon genes protein antibody; STING antibody; TM173_HUMAN antibody; Tmem173 antibody; Transmembrane protein 173 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the STING family.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed in skin endothelial cells, alveolar type 2 pneumocytes, bronchial epithelium and alveolar macrophages.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Phosphorylation by TBK1 leads to activation and production of IFN-beta. Following cyclic nucleotide (c-di-GMP or cGAMP)-binding, activation and translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum, STING1 is phosphorylated by TBK1 at Ser-366 in the pLxIS motif. The phosphorylated pLxIS motif constitutes an IRF3-binding motif, leading to recruitment of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce type-I interferons and other cytokines. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon MHC-II aggregation (By similarity).; Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in response to double-stranded DNA treatment, leading to relocalization to autophagosomes and subsequent degradation; this process is dependent on SQSTM1 (By similarity). 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination mediated by TRIM56 at Lys-150 promotes homodimerization and recruitment of the antiviral kinase TBK1 and subsequent production of IFN-beta. 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination at Lys-150 occurring after viral infection is mediated by RNF5 and leads to proteasomal degradation. 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination at Lys-150 by RNF26 leads to stabilize STING1: it protects STING1 from RNF5-mediated 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm, membrane.

FUNCTION

Facilitator of innate immune signaling that promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm. Able to activate both NF-kappa-B and IRF3 transcription pathways to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state following expression. May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons. May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). Mediates death signaling via activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.