UNIPROT #

Q86VB7

PROTEIN NAME

CD163

SYNONYMS

C163A_HUMAN antibody; CD 163 antibody; CD163 antibody; CD163 antigen antibody; CD163 molecule antibody; Hemoglobin scavenger receptor antibody; M130 antibody; M130 antigen precursor antibody; Macrophage associated antigen antibody; MM130 antibody; OTTHUMP00000238617 antibody; OTTHUMP00000238618 antibody; OTTHUMP00000238619 antibody; OTTHUMP00000238620 antibody; SCARI1 antibody; Scavenger receptor cysteine rich type 1 protein M130 antibody; sCD163 antibody; Soluble CD163 antibody

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Expressed in monocytes and mature macrophages such as Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen, cortical macrophages in the thymus, resident bone marrow macrophages and meningeal macrophages of the central nervous system. Expressed also in blood. Isoform 1 is the lowest abundant in the blood. Isoform 2 is the lowest abundant in the liver and the spleen. Isoform 3 is the predominant isoform detected in the blood.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

A soluble form (sCD163) is produced by proteolytic shedding which can be induced by lipopolysaccharide, phorbol ester and Fc region of immunoglobulin gamma. This cleavage is dependent on protein kinase C and tyrosine kinases and can be blocked by protease inhibitors. The shedding is inhibited by the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase TIMP3, and thus probably induced by membrane-bound metalloproteinases ADAMs.; Phosphorylated.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Secreted, Cell membrane.

FUNCTION

CD163, also designated M130, is a macrophage-associated antigen that is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. It is highly expressed on macrogphages and to a lesser extent on monocytes. The acute phase-regulated and signal-inducing macrophage protein, CD163, is a receptor that scavenges hemoglobin by mediating endocytosis of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes. CD163 binds only haptoglobin and hemoglobin in complex, which indicates the exposure of a receptor-binding neoepitope. The receptor-ligand interaction is calcium-dependent and of high affinity. The existence of several CD163 isoforms, which differ in the structure of their cytoplasmic domains and putative phosphorylation sites, suggests that these isoforms also differ in their signaling mechanism. The gene which encodes CD163 maps to human chromosome 12p13.31.