UNIPROT #

P05556

PROTEIN NAME

Integrin beta-1/CD29

SYNONYMS

beta1 integrin antibody; CD29 antibody; Fibronectin receptor subunit beta antibody; FNRB antibody; Glycoprotein IIa antibody; GP IIa antibody; GPIIA antibody; Integrin beta-1 antibody; integrin VLA-4 beta subunit antibody; Integrin, beta 1 (fibronectin receptor, beta polypeptide, antigen CD29 includes MDF2, MSK12) antibody; ITB1_HUMAN antibody; ITGB1 antibody; MDF2 antibody; MSK12 antibody; OTTHUMP00000019420 antibody; Very late activation protein, beta polypeptide antibody; VLA BETA antibody; VLA-4 subunit beta antibody; VLA-BETA antibody; VLAB antibody; VLAbeta antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the integrin beta chain family.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Isoform 1 is widely expressed, other isoforms are generally coexpressed with a more restricted distribution. Isoform 2 is expressed in skin, liver, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, placenta, umbilical vein endothelial cells, neuroblastoma cells, lymphoma cells, hepatoma cells and astrocytoma cells. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 are expressed in muscle, kidney, liver, placenta, cervical epithelium, umbilical vein endothelial cells, fibroblast cells, embryonal kidney cells, platelets and several blood cell lines. Isoform 4, rather than isoform 3, is selectively expressed in peripheral T-cells. Isoform 3 is expressed in non-proliferating and differentiated prostate gland epithelial cells and in platelets, on the surface of erythroleukemia cells and in various hematopoietic cell lines. Isoform 5 is expressed specifically in striated muscle (skeletal and cardiac muscle).

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

The cysteine residues are involved in intrachain disulfide bonds.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cell membrane, cytoplasm

FUNCTION

Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate the attachment between a cell and its surroundings, such as other cells or the extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins are obligate heterodimers containing two distinct chains, called the α (alpha) and β (beta) subunits. The molecular mass of the integrin subunits can vary from 90?kDa to 160?kDa. Beta subunits have four cysteine-rich repeated sequences. Both α and β subunits bind several divalent cations. Integrins have two main functions: Attachment of the cell to the ECM and signal transduction from the ECM to the cell. However, they are also involved in a wide range of other biological activities, including immune patrolling, cell migration, and binding to cells by certain viruses, such as adenovirus, echovirus, hantavirus, and foot and mouth disease viruses. Research studies have implicated β1 integrin in various activities including embryonic development, blood vessel, skin, bone, and muscle formation, as well as tumor metastasis and angiogenesis.