UNIPROT #

P00390

PROTEIN NAME

GLUR

SYNONYMS

GLR1 antibody; GLUR antibody; Glutathione reductase antibody; Glutathione reductase mitochondrial antibody; Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial antibody; GR antibody; Gr1 antibody; GRase antibody; GRD 1 antibody; GRD1 antibody; GSHR_HUMAN antibody; GSR antibody; MGC78522 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion.

FUNCTION

Glutathione plays a key role in maintaining proper function and preventing oxidative stress in human cells. It can act as a scavenger for hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen, and various electrophiles. Reduced glutathione reduces the oxidized form of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which in turn reduces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a dangerously reactive species within the cell. In addition, it plays a key role in the metabolism and clearance of xenobiotics, acts as a cofactor in certain detoxifying enzymes, participates in transport, and regenerates antioxidants such and Vitamins E and C to their reactive forms. The ratio of GSSG/GSH present in the cell is a key factor in properly maintaining the oxidative balance of the cell, that is, it is critical that the cell maintains high levels of the reduced glutathione and a low level of the oxidized Glutathione disulfide. This narrow balance is maintained by glutathione reductase, which catalyzes the reduction of GSSG to GSH.