UNIPROT #

P02647

PROTEIN NAME

Apolipoprotein A1

SYNONYMS

Apo-AI antibody; ApoA I antibody; ApoA-I antibody; APOA1 antibody; APOA1_HUMAN antibody; Apolipoprotein A-I(1-242) antibody; Apolipoprotein A1 antibody; Apolipoprotein AI antibody; Brp14 antibody; Ltw1 antibody; Lvtw1 antibody; Sep1 antibody; Sep2 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Major protein of plasma HDL, also found in chylomicrons. Synthesized in the liver and small intestine. The oxidized form at Met-110 and Met-136 is increased in individuals with increased risk for coronary artery disease, such as in carrier of the eNOSa/b genotype and exposure to cigarette smoking. It is also present in increased levels in aortic lesions relative to native ApoA-I and increased levels are seen with increasing severity of disease.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Glycosylated.; Palmitoylated.; Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Secreted.

FUNCTION

Apolipoproteins are protein components of plasma lipoproteins. The human apoA-I gene encodes a single chain, 243 amino acid protein which promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues to the liver for excretion. Apolipoprotein A-I is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the plasma. It can function as a cofactor for lecithin cholesterolacyltransferase (LCAT), which is responsible for the formation of most plasma cholesteryl esters. The human apoA-II gene encodes the second most abundant protein of HDL particles, where it influences plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA). The human apoA-IV gene encodes a 396 amino acid preprotein, which after proteolytic processing is secreted from the intestine in association with chylomicron particles. ApoA-IV is a potent activator of LCAT in vitro. The human apoA-V gene encodes a 366 amino acid protein that is believed to be an important determinant of plasma triglyceride levels.