UNIPROT #

P25054

PROTEIN NAME

Adenomatous polyposis coli protein

GENE NAME

APC

SYNONYMS

APC, DP2.5

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) family.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Expressed in a variety of tissues: brain, small intestine, colon, thymus, skeletal muscle, heart, prostate, lung, spleen, ovary, testis kidney, placenta, blood and liver. Isoform 1A: Very strongly expressed in brain but has relatively low expression levels in other tissues. Isoform 1B: Predominant form in all tissues except for brain, including gastric mucosa and blood.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Phosphorylated by GSK3B.; Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitination is facilitated by Axin. Deubiquitinated by ZRANB1/TRABID.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cell junction, adherens junction. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Cell projection, ruffle membrane. Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Note=Associated with the microtubule network at the growing distal tip of microtubules. Accumulates in the lamellipodium and ruffle membrane in response to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) treatment. The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway controls localization of the phosphorylated form to the cell membrane.

FUNCTION

Tumor suppressor. Promotes rapid degradation of CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling as a negative regulator. APC activity is correlated with its phosphorylation state. Activates the GEF activity of SPATA13 and ARHGEF4. Plays a role in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced cell migration. Required for MMP9 up-regulation via the JNK signaling pathway in colorectal tumor cells. Acts as a mediator of ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It is required for the localization of MACF1 to the cell membrane and this localization of MACF1 is critical for its function in microtubule stabilization.